Monday, June 1, 2015

27 POWERFUL IMAGES THAT SUM UP HOW SMARTPHONES ARE RUINING OUR LIVES - THE DEATH OF CONVERSATION !!!

Photographer Captures Amazing Self-Portraits with the Northern Lights

27 Powerful Images That Sum up How Smartphones Are Ruining Our Lives

The death of conversation.
 
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80 PERCENT OF URBAN CENTRES IN TANZANIA MAINALAND HAVE NO MASTER PLANS

 
Published on Monday, 01 June 2015 02:28
Written by DAILY NEWS Reporter

ABOUT 80 per cent of urban centres in Tanzania Mainland are operating without master plans, according to the Controller and Auditor General (CAG)’s performance report.
The CAG, Professor Mussa Assad, states that at the moment about 65 per cent of towns do not have general planning schemes and 35 per cent do not have update programmes.
“This entails that low priority was given to urban planning activities by both central and local governments,” the CAG states in his annual performance report on the management of urban planning in Tanzania.
Prof Assad reveals that some planning authorities did not have schemes since they were established, while others did not update their schemes from the time when the previous schemes became expired.
According to the CAG, most planning authorities in the country have no general planning schemes and those with general schemes do not update or prepare new schemes after the expiry of the old ones.
He states that although various strategies were employed by the Ministry of Lands, Housing and Human Settlements Development and Prime Minister’s Office Regional Administration and Local Government in addressing urban planning problems, most of them focused on infrastructure development.
Equally, the CAG states, the strategies were not comprehensive and articulated within the broader planning schemes. Despite the Tanzania Strategic Cities Project (2010-2015) having a component for preparing general planning schemes (master plans|), Prof Assad states that the planning authorities visited did not take on board the opportunity to prepare master plans for their towns.
The CAG, therefore, recommends that the Prime Minister’s Office should ensure that planning authorities are developing and reviewing general and detailed planning schemes within their areas of jurisdiction by including them in their strategic planning.
He also suggests the development of a mechanism that would manage utilisation of funds obtained from plot allocation projects for the purpose of ensuring sustainability of the projects.
On part of the ministry, the CAG recommend development programmes that would guide and assist the planning authorities in developing planning schemes and decentralise responsibilities for preparation and implementation of general planning schemes.
 

GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS FUTURE CONSEQUENCES !!!

The potential future effects of global climate change include more frequent wildfires, longer periods of drought in some regions and an increase in the number, duration and intensity of tropical storms.
Global climate change has already had observable effects on the environment. Glaciers have shrunk, ice on rivers and lakes is breaking up earlier, plant and animal ranges have shifted and trees are flowering sooner.
Effects that scientists had predicted in the past would result from global climate change are now occurring: loss of sea ice, accelerated sea level rise and longer, more intense heat waves.
Taken as a whole, the range of published evidence indicates that the net damage costs of climate change are likely to be significant and to increase over time.
- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Scientists have high confidence that global temperatures will continue to rise for decades to come, largely due to greenhouse gasses produced by human activities. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which includes more than 1,300 scientists from the United States and other countries, forecasts a temperature rise of 2.5 to 10 degrees Fahrenheit over the next century.
According to the IPCC, the extent of climate change effects on individual regions will vary over time and with the ability of different societal and environmental systems to mitigate or adapt to change.
The IPCC predicts that increases in global mean temperature of less than 1.8 to 5.4 degrees Fahrenheit (1 to 3 degrees Celsius) above 1990 levels will produce beneficial impacts in some regions and harmful ones in others. Net annual costs will increase over time as global temperatures increase.
"Taken as a whole," the IPCC states, "the range of published evidence indicates that the net damage costs of climate change are likely to be significant and to increase over time." 1
Below are some of the impacts that are currently visible throughout the U.S. and will continue to affect these regions, according to the Third National Climate Assessment Report 2, released by the U.S. Global Change Research Program:
Northeast. Heat waves, heavy downpours, and sea level rise pose growing challenges to many aspects of life in the Northeast. Infrastructure, agriculture, fisheries, and ecosystems will be increasingly compromised. Many states and cities are beginning to incorporate climate change into their planning.
Northwest. Changes in the timing of streamflow reduce water supplies for competing demands. Sea level rise, erosion, inundation, risks to infrastructure, and increasing ocean acidity pose major threats. Increasing wildfire, insect outbreaks, and tree diseases are causing widespread tree die-off.
Southeast. Sea level rise poses widespread and continuing threats to the region’s economy and environment. Extreme heat will affect health, energy, agriculture, and more. Decreased water availability will have economic and environmental impacts.
Midwest. Extreme heat, heavy downpours, and flooding will affect infrastructure, health, agriculture, forestry, transportation, air and water quality, and more. Climate change will also exacerbate a range of risks to the Great Lakes.
Southwest. Increased heat, drought, and insect outbreaks, all linked to climate change, have increased wildfires. Declining water supplies, reduced agricultural yields, health impacts in cities due to heat, and flooding and erosion in coastal areas are additional concerns.
  1. IPCC 2007, Summary for Policymakers, in Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, p. 17.

AT TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO: LOCAL OR GOVERNMENT ELECTION?

Local or Govt election?

By George Alleyne
March 31 2010 – newsday.co.tt

PNMThe surprise hint of an early general election thrown out by Political Leader of the ruling People’s National Movement (PNM), Prime Minister Patrick Manning, at last Sunday’s Special Party Convention, along with the circumstances which may have prompted it, has, oddly enough, provoked the feeling that Manning may be playing with the Opposition.

The next general election is not constitutionally due until 2012. It is not the first time, however, that a Prime Minister and Political Leader of the PNM has hinted at the possibility of an early general election years before it was constitutionally due.

Dr Eric Wiliams, the nation’s first Prime Minister, had done that in 1968, when he had shrewdly given rise to speculation of a major Cabinet reshuffle. The significance of Williams’ strategy lay in the fact that in the United Kingdom, home to the Westminster system, which Trinidad and Tobago has adopted, a major Cabinet reshuffle was usually followed by a general election.

Eventually, as it turned out, not only was there no major Cabinet reshuffle and no early general election, but instead only one Cabinet Minister, then Attorney General, George Armsby Richards, was replaced. Succeeding him was Karl Hudson-Phillips.

The question arises as it must. Why did Manning announce to a largely captive audience at the Chaguaramas Convention Centre that he wanted to “direct the PNM to commence the nomination of candidates’ exercise for a general election with immediate effect”? Is it that he wanted the official Parliamentary Opposition United National Congress (UNC) and the right wing Congress of the People (COP) not only to accelerate plans for “unity”, but with these plans to begin a mad scramble for power sharing and the allocation of seats in the expected general election?

Is Prime Minister Manning hoping that the COP’s leadership would also demand a voice in the Senate through being given a seat, possibly two, in the Upper House, in the run-up to the general election and in the process create a measure of unease in the UNC?

Meanwhile, the Opposition by its pointing out that when Manning called an early general election in 1995, the PNM lost somehow, perhaps inadvertently, conveys the impression that it is not prepared for a general election at this time and would rather have more time to attract more groups and individual electors to its side. Clearly, it would be known that influential elements in the PNM would point out the 1995 discomfiture to Manning.

There is another explanation to Mr Manning’s hint of an early general election. It is that he wanted to rally Party groups to his side in the inevitable battle for leadership of the People’s National Movement with former Cabinet Minister, Dr Keith Rowley. Manning may well appreciate that but for the reluctance of Dr Rowley both to have the party split in two and to have uncomfortable in house minuses exposed to public glare, Dr Rowley could have been Prime Minister today.

There was and is a groundswell of support for Dr Rowley as there was in 1987 for retired judge, Dr Aeneas Wills, who had contested the post of Political Leader with Manning, following on the PNM’s defeat in the December, 1986 General Election. Let us be frank, Patrick Manning is irrelevant to the aspirations of the PNM and the broader people’s constituency of Trinidad and Tobago.

Yet, for Mrs Kamla Persad-Bissessar to win over scores of undecided voters in Trinidad and Tobago she must have the courage to come out publicly against Proportional Representation, the main new constitutional plank of her predecessor, Mr Basdeo Panday. The entire Caribbean has seen what Proportional Representation has done to Guyana. Indeed, the legacy of former Guyana President, Linden Forbes Burnham — Proportional Representation — has hurt Guyana, socially and economically, to such a great extent that even to this day scores have fled to Trinidad, some without the benefit of Immigration procedure, settling, largely, in the sugar belt.

Should Manning, despite the above arguments, opt for the holding of elections later this year, This column’s reading of events suggests that it would not be before October or to put it bluntly after the 2010/2011 Budget Debate. This would have given him time to put certain social and economic measures in place.

This column has offered on more than one occasion that an early general election would be called this year. However, there may be just the possibility that, with Manning having confused both the UNC and the COP, the country may see the Local Government Elections being held instead.

JAMAICAN SCIENTIST DR. LAWRENCE WILLIAMS OFFERED OVER $11 BILLION FOR CANCER RESEARCH PATENT



Jamaican Scientist Offered Over $11 Billion For Cancer Research Patent

    
It’s not uncommon to hear of Jamaicans doing BIG things both locally and internationally.

Dr. Lawrence Williams, a research consultant with the Scientific Research Council is certainly one Jamaican who has achieved great things and his hard work and dedication certainly make him worthy of recognition and emulation.

Williams obtained his Bachelor of Science degree in 1987, after completing undergraduate studies at the University of the West Indies (UWI) with a major in Zoology and a minor in Chemistry.
He has been studying  a compound from the Guinea Hen Weed (scientific name: Petiveria alliacea) for several years which has now reached the patent stage.
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Guinea Hen Weed cancer
Dr. Lawrence Williams via jamaicaobserver.com

So promising is his breakthrough that he has already been offered over $11 billion (US$100 million) for a patent relating to his cancer research. The offer was however declined because its value is estimated to be greater than what was offered.

Dr. Williams and a Jamaican partner residing in the United States currently hold that patent and reportedly received the impressive offer from a major drug company located in the United States.
While speaking recently in an interview with RJR, Dr. Williams stated that the drug he is developing will be effective against a range of cancers. “It works on 12 kinds of cancers so far; two or three types of breast cancer, neuroblastoma, lung, melanoma, adenocarcinoma, prostate etc.”

Isn’t it great to know that Jamaicans are making such significant contributions to the world that one day may improve the quality of life for millions around the globe?

Dr Williams once stated while speaking with the Observer: “I have a passion for research. I love it. It is my lifeline, If I stopped doing it, I don’t know what I would do, I would die.”

10 TIPS FOR HEALTHY BONES !!!

How to Keep Your Bones Strong -  FROM THE WWW.

 The base on which our whole body is built is the skeleton, from which we get our stability, our ability to move and function. Our bones are also a factory for manufacturing red and white blood cells. It's extremely important to keep bones strong and healthy, especially in more advanced ages, when calcium seems to drain away.

A little about bone depletion:
> Bone depletion, or osteoporosis, is a disease that occurs as a result of dwindling bone mass and a decrease in the levels of calcium. Along our whole life, our bones are in a continuous process of construction and destruction. However, at a young age, there is more construction than destruction. Things even out as we grow older until, in our fourth decade, destruction finally overtakes construction. As a result, our bone density drops and our bones become more prone to fractures. When this process happens in an extreme way, it is known as bone depletion. It's important to note that losing calcium also makes the bones more sensitive, even if it happens slowly. At an older age, when our balance is not what it used to be, the danger only gets worse.
 
> Becuase women start with a bone density that is already about 30% less than men's, and because they produce less estrogen as they grow older, they must face a bigger risk when it comes to bone depletion.

> What is the recommended calcium amount?

> The process of bone depletion in the body is a natural one and cannot be prevented. But it can be minimized in volume and influence, by maintaining our bones and building bone mass through correct nutrition. 

> The daily calcium amount recommended for the general population is 1000 mg a day. For adults it is 1200-1500 mg a day. In addition, vitamin D is also important, as it helps the calcium absorb in the body. So if you want to keep your bones strong, you should also consume vitamin D rich foods. You can get it from the sun or from food, but it's important to have.

> 10 Tips to Keep Our Bones Strong 
> 1. Consume milk products - Every child knows that milk is rich in calcium and is essential for strengthening bones. This goes for all milk products, including cheese, yogurt and alike. If you don't like cow's milk, try soy milk enriched with calcium.
>   
> 2. Add nuts to your diet
- Although milk has the highest ratio of calcium to volume, it is not the only source. Some nuts and seeds have handsome amounts of calcium. A 30 gram course of almonds contains 75mg of calcium, 30 grams of sesame seeds contains 37mg of calcium and sunflower seeds have 33mg of calcium.

> 3. Eat dark green vegetables - Broccoli, Chinese cabbage, arugula, parsley, lettuce and others are excellent sources of calcium, and contain many additional health advantages. This will help you to also diversify your sources of calcium, which is important to maintain your health. 
>
> 4. Take the right Vitamin A - Vitamin A appears in two forms. The first is retinol, which appears in animal products, such as the liver. The second is beta carotene and it is the way the vitamin comes from plants, especially orange vegetables like carrot, squash or sweet potato. Studies have found that consuming too much of retinol vitamin A raises the risk of bone fraction, while vitamin A in its plant form, Beta Carotene, does not damage the bones.

> 5. Strengthen your bones with Vitamin K - This vitamin helps activate 3 essential proteins that are crucial for bone health. As in the case of calcium that comes from green vegetables, vitamin K also comes from the same sources. Two daily helpings of green vegetables a day give the body as much as it needs.

> 6. Physical activity strengthens the bones - Sorry, you knew this was coming and its of very little surprise. When we carry out a physical activity, we create pressure on our skeleton. While it is bad to overdo it, a moderate pressure is actually very health, as it sends the body signals to create more bone cells, increase the density and make it stronger. Operate the body with moderation, and don't go to far with it.

> 7. Eat fish - 100 grams of sardines contain an amazing amount of over 400mg of calcium! It's recommended to consume the fresh fish of course and not the canned variety. The little bones are also edible and contain a lot of calcium. Sardines, like the salmon, are also a great source of vitamin D.
>    
> 8. Reduce your consumption of carbonated drinks and treats - The acid that exists in some of the popular carbonated drinks  raises the amount of acid in the blood. To compensate, the body uses the body's minerals, including calcium. If the calcium is not readily available in the blood, the body will take it from the bones and this will hard the density and strength of the bone. There is no problem drinking them once in a while, but if they are a daily habit then you can do a lot of damage to your bones over time.

> 9. Avoidance measures - Like a lot of other health problems, we return to smoking. Studies have shown that smoking harms bone density, as well as over consumption of alcohol and caffeine.

> 10. Resource allocation - We must carry out our calcium consumption in a smart way. Our body absorbs calcium best when it is no more than 500mg at one time. So, if you are planning on consuming a large amount of calcium rich foods or drinks, try to perhaps divide the meal or eat again later, to make sure the body is able to absorb all you are giving it.

17 RED FLAG SIGNS OF CANCER

17 Red-Flag Signs of Cancer

17 Red-Flag Signs of Cancer
A new study shows the likelihood of developing cancer over a lifetime is higher than previously estimated. (Photo: Getty Images)

One in two people will develop cancer over the course of their lives, according to a new report from Cancer Research UK.

This number is creeping higher than past estimates, which have often cited a one-in-three figure. According to the new study published in the British Journal of Cancer, the odds of getting cancer over the course of one’s life jumped from 38.5 percent for men born in 1930 to 53.5 percent for men born in 1960. The hike was from 36.7 percent to 47.5 percent in women. 

According to the American Cancer Society, the United States has very similar figures. Although health care is actually improving — in the UK, for instance, researchers note the cancer survival rate has doubled over the past 40 years — there’s an uptick in disease incidence because of the aging population. 

“Cancer is primarily a disease of old age, with more than 60 percent of all cases diagnosed in people aged over 65,” says study author Peter Sesieni, a professor of Biostatistics & Cancer Epidemiology and Deputy Director of the Centre for Cancer Prevention at Queen Mary University of London, in a statement. “If people live long enough then most will get cancer at some point.” 

This, the researchers say, is why education on cancer prevention is so necessary. “There’s a lot we can do to make it less likely — like giving up smoking, being more active, drinking less alcohol and maintaining a healthy weight,” Sesieni says. “If we want to reduce the risk of developing the disease we must redouble our efforts and take action now to better prevent the disease for future generations.”

Most experts also agree that spotting the disease early gives a person the best chance of beating it. However, many blow off symptoms as bodily quirks — and some may well be, but it’s best to talk to a doctor if there’s an unexplained issue. 

According to Cancer Research UK, which conducted the latest study, these are the most common signs of cancer:
Signs of cancer for men and women:
  • An unusual lump or swelling anywhere on your body
  • A change in the size, shape or colour of a mole
  • A sore that won’t heal after several weeks
  • A mouth or tongue ulcer that lasts longer than three weeks
  • A cough or croaky voice that lasts longer than three weeks
  • Persistent difficulty swallowing or indigestion
  • Problems passing urine
  • Blood in your urine
  • Blood in your bowel motions
  • A change to more frequent bowel motions that lasts longer than four to six weeks
  • Unexplained weight loss or heavy night sweats
  • An unexplained pain or ache that lasts longer than four weeks
  • Breathlessness
  • Coughing up blood
Signs of cancer for women:
  • An unusual breast change
  • Bleeding from the vagina after the menopause or between periods
  • Persistent bloating
Now, remember: This news should not cause mass panic, according to the UK’s Chief Medical Officer Dame Sally Davies. People are living longer, which is why we’re seeing more cancer. “Cancer survival rates have improved to record levels in this country and we are working to raise awareness of cancer symptoms so it can be diagnosed earlier, improving cancer outcomes,” she says in the press release. “Leading a healthy lifestyle is easily the most effective thing you can do to reduce your risk, this means being active, quitting smoking, drinking less alcohol, and having a balanced diet.”